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<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>Hi,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>I
hope to get your input on a frustrating problem.<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Right after a “parent” host
goes down and recovers, I receive a burst of notifications indicating that downstream
“children” have gone down & recovered, even though that’s
not the case. <span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Although this behavior
doesn’t happen every time a “parent” node goes down, my
impression is that the odds are greater than 30%. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>For
example, suppose this my network:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><span
class=SpellE><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Courier New"'>Nagios</span></font></span><font size=2
face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>--------Bridge------Parent
Switch--------Child switch1<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-tab-count:5'>                              </span>|<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-tab-count:5'>                              </span>|<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-tab-count:4'>                        </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Child Switch2--------Child switch3<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>The
series of events go like this:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>1.
Disconnect link between "Bridge" and "parent switch". <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>2.
<span class=SpellE>Nagios</span> reports and only reports "parent
switch" down. (<span class=GramE>good</span>) <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>3.
Re-connect link between "Bridge" and "parent switch". <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>4.
<span class=SpellE>Nagios</span> reports "parent switch" recovered. (<span
class=GramE>very</span> good)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>5.
<span class=SpellE>Nagios</span> reports "child switch1" and "child
switch2" down right after "parent switch" recovered. (<span
class=GramE>what</span> the?) <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>6.
<span class=SpellE>Nagios</span> reports "child switch1" and
"child switch2" recovered shortly. (????????)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>Now,
<span class=GramE>My</span> <span class=SpellE>nagios</span> host configuration
for the testing network looks like this:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><span
class=GramE><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Courier New"'>define</span></font></span><font size=2
face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>
host{<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=GramE>name</span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                                           
</span>generic-Bridge<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=SpellE>notifications_enabled</span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                          
</span>1<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                              
</span>; Host notifications are enabled<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=SpellE>event_handler_enabled</span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                          
</span>1<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                
</span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>              </span>;
Host event handler is enabled<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=SpellE>flap_detection_enabled</span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                         
</span>0<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                              
</span>; Flap detection is enabled<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=SpellE>process_perf_data</span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                              
</span>1<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                              
</span>; Process performance data<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=SpellE>retain_status_information</span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                      
</span>1<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                         
</span><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=SpellE>retain_nonstatus_information</span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                   
</span>1<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                         
</span><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=SpellE><span class=GramE>check_command</span></span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                                  
</span>check-host-alive<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=SpellE>max_check_attempts</span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                             
</span>3<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=SpellE>notification_interval</span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                          
</span>0<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=SpellE><span class=GramE>notification_period</span></span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                            
</span>24x7<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=SpellE><span class=GramE>notification_options</span></span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                           
</span><span class=SpellE>d,r</span><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=GramE>register</span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                                       
</span>0<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                         
</span><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span>}<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><span
class=GramE><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Courier New"'>define</span></font></span><font size=2
face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>
host{<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=GramE>name</span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                                           
</span>generic-switch<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                 
</span>;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=SpellE>notifications_enabled</span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                          
</span>1<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                              
</span>; Host notifications are enabled<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=SpellE>event_handler_enabled</span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                          
</span>1<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                              
</span>; Host event handler is enabled<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=SpellE>flap_detection_enabled</span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                         
</span>0<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>              
</span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                </span>;
Flap detection is enabled<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=SpellE>process_perf_data</span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                              
</span>1<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                              
</span>; Process performance data<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=SpellE>retain_status_information</span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                      
</span>1<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                     
</span><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=SpellE>retain_nonstatus_information</span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                   
</span>1<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                     
</span><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=SpellE><span class=GramE>check_command</span></span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                                  
</span>check-host-alive<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=SpellE>max_check_attempts</span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                             
</span>3<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=SpellE>notification_interval</span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                          
</span>0<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span><span class=SpellE><span
class=GramE>notification_period</span></span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                            
</span>24x7<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=SpellE><span class=GramE>notification_options</span></span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                           
</span><span class=SpellE>d,r</span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                   
</span><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=GramE>register</span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                                       
</span>0<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                     
</span><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span>}<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><span
class=GramE><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Courier New"'>define</span></font></span><font size=2
face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>
host {<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-tab-count:1'>      </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><span class=GramE>use</span><span
style='mso-tab-count:4'>                   </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>generic-bridge<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=SpellE><span class=GramE>host_name</span></span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>              
</span>Bridge<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=GramE>address</span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                
</span>1.1.1.1<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>}<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><span
class=GramE><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Courier New"'>define</span></font></span><font size=2
face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>
host {<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-tab-count:1'>      </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><span class=GramE>use</span><span
style='mso-tab-count:4'>                   </span>generic-switch<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=SpellE><span class=GramE>host_name</span></span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>            
</span>parent-switch<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-tab-count:1'>      </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><span class=GramE>address</span><span
style='mso-tab-count:3'>               </span>1.1.1.10<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=GramE>parents</span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>              
</span>Bridge<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>}<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><span
class=GramE><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Courier New"'>define</span></font></span><font size=2
face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>
host {<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-tab-count:1'>      </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><span class=GramE>use</span><span
style='mso-tab-count:4'>                   </span>generic-switch<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=SpellE><span class=GramE>host_name</span></span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>            
</span>child-switch1<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-tab-count:1'>      </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><span class=GramE>address</span><span
style='mso-tab-count:3'>               </span>1.1.1.11<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=GramE>parents</span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>              
</span>parent-switch<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>}<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><span
class=GramE><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Courier New"'>define</span></font></span><font size=2
face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>
host {<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-tab-count:1'>      </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><span class=GramE>use</span><span
style='mso-tab-count:4'>                   </span>generic-switch<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=SpellE><span class=GramE>host_name</span></span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>            
</span>child-switch2<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-tab-count:1'>      </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><span class=GramE>address</span><span
style='mso-tab-count:3'>               </span>1.1.1.12<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=GramE>parents</span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>              
</span>parent-switch<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>}<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><span
class=GramE><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Courier New"'>define</span></font></span><font size=2
face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>
host {<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-tab-count:1'>      </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><span class=GramE>use</span><span
style='mso-tab-count:4'>                   </span>generic-switch<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=SpellE><span class=GramE>host_name</span></span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>            
</span>child-switch3<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-tab-count:1'>      </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><span class=GramE>address</span><span
style='mso-tab-count:3'>               </span>1.1.1.13<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span><span
class=GramE>parents</span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>              
</span>child-switch2<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>}<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><span
class=GramE><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Courier New"'>So, any idea on this?</span></font></span><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>Thanks.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>Ling<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

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